Policing the Rez: Examining the Role of Law Enforcement in “Reservation Dogs”

A Complex Relationship on Display

“He’s just a rez cop, what’s he gonna do?” This dismissive line, uttered with a mix of exasperation and resignation in an episode of “Reservation Dogs,” encapsulates the complex relationship between law enforcement and the Native American community depicted in the critically acclaimed television series. “Reservation Dogs,” created by Sterlin Harjo and Taika Waititi, is more than just a coming-of-age story about four Indigenous teenagers in rural Oklahoma. It’s a groundbreaking exploration of grief, identity, and the challenges of growing up on the reservation, all while navigating a world shaped by historical trauma and systemic inequalities. Central to this narrative is the portrayal of police in Reservation Dogs, a portrayal that avoids simple stereotypes and instead delves into the nuanced realities of policing within a marginalized community. This article argues that “Reservation Dogs” presents a deeply critical and multifaceted depiction of law enforcement on the reservation, skillfully unpacking themes of historical trauma, community trust, the inherent difficulties of effective policing, and the search for justice in a space often defined by its absence.

The show does a masterful job of showing, and not just telling, the complexities of police work within the community. The approach is less about casting blame, and more about showing the lived reality of everyone involved.

A Legacy of Mistrust: History’s Shadow on the Rez

To truly understand the portrayal of police in Reservation Dogs, it’s crucial to acknowledge the profound historical context that shapes contemporary relationships between Native American communities and law enforcement. The history of the United States’ interactions with Native American tribes is marred by broken treaties, forced assimilation policies, and acts of violence that have left deep scars on generations. Boarding schools, designed to eradicate Native culture and language, are just one example of the systemic oppression that aimed to dismantle Indigenous ways of life. The forced removal of tribes from their ancestral lands, often at the hands of federal authorities and law enforcement, further eroded trust and created a legacy of resentment.

The impact of this history reverberates through present-day interactions with law enforcement. For many Native Americans, the sight of a police uniform can trigger memories of past injustices and symbolize the ongoing power imbalances that continue to affect their lives. This historical baggage makes building trust between police in Reservation Dogs and the community an uphill battle, one that requires acknowledging the past and actively working to repair the damage it has caused.

It’s important to remember that these communities have had a vastly different experience of the police force as opposed to their non-native counterparts. The show brings this disparity to light, but with nuance and understanding.

Research shows significant disparities in how Native Americans are treated within the criminal justice system. They face higher rates of arrest, incarceration, and encounters with law enforcement compared to other racial groups. These disparities are often rooted in systemic biases and a lack of cultural understanding within law enforcement agencies. This creates a self-perpetuating cycle of mistrust, where communities are reluctant to cooperate with police, further hindering efforts to address crime and improve public safety.

Characters Under Scrutiny: Humanizing Law Enforcement on the Rez

“Reservation Dogs” doesn’t paint law enforcement as a monolithic entity. Instead, it presents individual characters who grapple with their own motivations, biases, and the weight of their responsibilities. Officer Big, portrayed with remarkable depth by Zahn McClarnon, is perhaps the most compelling example of this. He is a Native American police officer who embodies the complexities of his role. On one hand, he is a member of the community, familiar with its struggles and traditions. On the other hand, he is a representative of a system that has historically marginalized and oppressed Native Americans.

Officer Big’s interactions with the “Reservation Dogs” often oscillate between a gruff paternalism and a genuine desire to help them navigate the challenges they face. He understands the allure of their dreams to escape to California, but he also recognizes the dangers of their impulsive behavior. His efforts to steer them away from trouble are often met with resistance, reflecting the underlying tension between authority and autonomy that characterizes their relationship.

The show also presents other law enforcement figures, both Native and non-Native, who contribute to the overall portrayal of policing on the rez. These characters may represent different approaches to law enforcement, highlighting the varying perspectives and challenges within the system. Some may be well-intentioned but ultimately ineffective, while others may be driven by prejudice or a lack of understanding. By showcasing a range of perspectives, “Reservation Dogs” avoids simplistic caricatures and instead offers a more realistic and nuanced depiction of the police presence within the community.

Recurring Themes: Unpacking Complexities of Policing

One of the most striking aspects of “Reservation Dogs” is its exploration of the paradox of under-policing and over-policing. On the one hand, Native American communities often face a lack of adequate law enforcement response to certain crimes, particularly those involving domestic violence or substance abuse. This lack of resources and attention can leave victims vulnerable and perpetuate a sense of injustice.

On the other hand, Native Americans are often subjected to disproportionate scrutiny and over-policing in other areas. They may be more likely to be stopped, searched, and arrested for minor offenses compared to their non-Native counterparts. This can lead to feelings of harassment and discrimination, further eroding trust and exacerbating tensions between the police and the community.

The show also delves into the complexities of the relationship between tribal law and federal/state law. The overlapping jurisdictions and legal systems can create confusion and conflict, making it difficult to determine who has authority in certain situations. This can also lead to inconsistent enforcement of laws, further undermining public safety.

The impact of historical trauma and addiction on crime is another recurring theme in “Reservation Dogs.” The show acknowledges the devastating effects of colonization and forced assimilation on Native American communities, leading to intergenerational trauma, substance abuse, and a cycle of poverty and despair. These factors contribute to crime rates, and the police are often tasked with addressing the symptoms of these deeper societal problems.

The series also explores the potential for community-based solutions and restorative justice practices. It highlights the importance of addressing the root causes of crime and empowering communities to resolve conflicts internally. Traditional conflict resolution methods, such as talking circles and mediation, are presented as viable alternatives to the traditional adversarial system. The show suggests that by focusing on healing and reconciliation, communities can create a more just and equitable society.

Symbolic Significance: Reclaiming the Narrative

The representation of police in Reservation Dogs holds significant symbolic weight. By centering Native voices and perspectives, the show challenges long-standing stereotypes about Native Americans and crime. It subverts the common trope of the “drunken Indian” and presents complex characters who are struggling to overcome the challenges they face.

“Reservation Dogs” reclaims the narrative surrounding law enforcement on the rez. It empowers Native writers, directors, and actors to tell their own stories about justice, accountability, and the search for a better future. By doing so, the show disrupts the dominant narrative that has historically marginalized and silenced Native voices.

Conclusion: A Mirror to Reality

“Reservation Dogs” is more than just a television show; it’s a cultural phenomenon that has sparked important conversations about race, justice, and representation in media. Its portrayal of police in Reservation Dogs is a key element of its success, offering a nuanced and critical examination of the complexities of law enforcement within a marginalized community. By exploring the historical trauma, systemic inequalities, and individual struggles that shape the relationship between the police and the Native American community, the show challenges viewers to confront uncomfortable truths and consider alternative approaches to justice.

The show does not offer easy answers or simplistic solutions. Instead, it invites us to reflect on the legacy of colonialism, the importance of community, and the power of storytelling to heal and inspire. It serves as a reminder that true justice requires not only holding individuals accountable for their actions but also addressing the underlying systemic issues that contribute to crime and inequality. “Reservation Dogs” is a powerful call to action, urging us to listen to Native voices, challenge our own biases, and work towards a more just and equitable society for all.